Dry eye and blepharitis commonly occur together and can cause persistent irritation, redness, tearing, and a gritty or burning sensation. Blepharitis refers to inflammation of the eyelid margins, often associated with blocked oil glands, while dry eye arises when the tear film is deficient or unstable. Symptoms can vary day-to-day and may be worse in the evening.

Specialist assessment focuses on identifying the underlying causes, evaluating tear film quality, and tailoring treatment (which may include eyelid hygiene, gland expression, targeted tear supplements, and anti-inflammatory therapies) to improve comfort and ocular surface health over time.

Cataracts

A cataract is a progressive clouding of the natural lens inside the eye, typically developing with age. It often causes blurred or dim vision, glare in bright light or at night, and difficulty with tasks such as reading or driving.

Cataract surgery is a highly refined, outpatient procedure in which the cloudy lens is replaced with a clear artificial lens. Modern techniques offer excellent visual outcomes for most patients, and careful preoperative assessment ensures optimal choice of lens and timing to match your goals.

A pterygium is a benign, wing-shaped growth of tissue on the surface of the eye, commonly linked to sun, wind, and dust exposure. Small pterygia may cause irritation or redness; larger ones can threaten vision by encroaching onto the cornea.

Surgery is typically recommended when the growth affects vision or causes persistent discomfort. Modern surgical techniques aim to remove the tissue and restore a smooth ocular surface, with adjunctive measures to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Keratoconus is a progressive condition in which the cornea thins and takes on a more conical shape, leading to distorted and blurred vision. It often begins in adolescence or early adulthood but can progress at variable rates.

Early stages may be managed with glasses or specialist contact lenses. In selected cases, treatments such as corneal cross-linking are used to slow progression, and advanced options including custom lenses or transplantation can restore visual function with expert care.

Allergic eye disease occurs when the eyes react to triggers such as pollen, dust, or animal dander, causing itching, redness, watering, and swelling. Symptoms may be seasonal or year-round.

Management focuses on reducing exposure to triggers, soothing the surface with lubricants, and using targeted anti-allergy or anti-inflammatory drops when needed to prevent flare-ups and improve daily comfort.

Corneal infections occur when organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites invade the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye). Symptoms can include pain, redness, light sensitivity, discharge, and reduced vision.

Prompt, specialist diagnosis and intensive antimicrobial therapy are key to preventing scarring and preserving vision. Close monitoring and adjustment of treatment are essential, as the type of organism and severity of infection guide management.

Corneal transplantation involves replacing diseased or scarred corneal tissue with healthy donor tissue to restore transparency and visual function. It may be recommended for conditions such as advanced keratoconus, scarring, or endothelial dysfunction that significantly impact vision.

Techniques vary from partial to full-thickness grafts depending on the specific needs. With expert surgical care and appropriate follow-up, many patients experience meaningful visual improvement.

Lumps or bumps on the eyelids (such as chalazia or styes) are common and often result from blocked eyelid glands. They may be tender or painless and can cause localized discomfort.

Initial management typically includes warm compresses and gentle massage. Persistent, recurrent, or bothersome lesions may be treated with a simple in-clinic procedure that relieves symptoms and restores eyelid comfort with minimal scarring.

After cataract surgery, a thin, cloudy membrane can occasionally form behind the artificial lens, causing vision to blur again; a condition called posterior capsule opacification.

A YAG laser capsulotomy is a simple, painless outpatient laser procedure that creates a clear opening in this membrane, restoring crisp vision within hours without the need for incisions or stitches.

Refractive surgery encompasses procedures designed to reduce dependence on glasses or contact lenses by reshaping the cornea or using implantable lenses to improve how light focuses on the retina.

Options such as LASIK, PRK, and phakic intraocular lenses are tailored to individual eye characteristics and lifestyle goals. A thorough consultation helps determine the safest and most effective approach for your visual needs.